Changes in temperature in the body can cause which responses?

• A. Changes in circulation
• B. Shivering
• C. Sweating
• D. All of the above

Answer: (D)

Temperature changes set off a range of automatic adjustments the body uses to keep core temperature within a narrow range. Circulation alters so heat is retained or lost: blood vessels tighten to conserve heat in the cold and widen to shed heat when it’s warm. Shivering then kicks in when cooling is needed, producing additional heat through rapid muscle activity. Sweating occurs when the temperature rises, with evaporative cooling helping to lower heat. Because a temperature change can trigger any of these responses, all of them can occur as needed, depending on whether the goal is to conserve heat or dissipate it.